The current Jews in their religion used only the Torah, which we call the Pentateuch. It consists of the first five books of the Old Testament: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers Deuteronomy, with other items added.
The other 34 books which they reject start with Joshua. In the book of Joshua, it explains how the twelve tribes of Israel conquered and settled the land which became known as the nation of Israel. The remaining thirty-four inspired books rejected by the Jews easily can be seen as being inspired.
The Persian control of Isreal ended with The conquest of the Mediterranean world by Alexander the Great around 331 BC. People in the greek conquered lands learned the Greek language of the time which became dominant. The Jews in Israel became so familiar with greek only, that’s what they spoke and read. Interestingly Koine greek was the greek language spoken at that time.
Around 285 BC the Septuagint a Greek translation of the old testament was being used by the Jews. It was based on Hebrew manuscripts that had been lost. The Septuagint consisted of all thirty-nine of the Old Testament books.
The King James translation of the Old Testament consists of the Septuagint, why, because that’s all we have. The Jews used this collection of books for hundreds of years back in BC, and into AD.
But being criticized for what was used in it, worshipping false gods noted in, 2 Kings, 2 Chronicles, and also in these not used thirty-four books we see constant disobedience, much admonishing, and evil ways as set up by disobedient kings.
The Jews were exhorted to practise that way of life that God had given them but failed to pay attention to the scriptures. When Christianity became popular they found out how most of these books could be used against them in arguments. They eventually disallowed any of the books after Deuteronomy.
They came up with only using the first five books of the Old Testament which they call the Torah and we call them the Pentateuch. The Pentateuch was written by Moses. From what I now understand they also use what they call, The Tanakh Hebrew Bible, I don’t know what it consists of as I only use the
King James or NASB, but other good translations are out there like the NIV New International Version by Zondervan. The Septuagint is the 39 books of the Old Testament and is all that we have of the Old Testament. The King James Bible uses it for the Old Testament as well as the NASB translation, of course, other translations use it as their Old Testament too.
In the Tanakh Hebrew Bible, there’s no recording of God inspiring it. At first, the people of Israel were guided by judges then they wanted a king of which Saul was the first.
David at a young age kills the Philistine giant Goliath and later becomes king.
Bathsheba the wife of King David gives birth to Solomon who later becomes king.
King Solomon in his rule became the smartest man that ever lived, Israel prospered under him.
Under Solomon, the first temple was built, replacing the Tabernacle, an immense structure for that time period. 180 feet long, 90 feet wide, about 207 feet high. The Tabernacle, what became of it I have no reference.
Later in life King Solomon worshiped other gods and did not keep the commandments set forth by the Lord.
The Lord informed him that He would split the kingdom into two nations after his death, 1 Kings 11:9-13. Israel splits into Two Houses, the Northern Kingdom the House of Israel in Samaria, and the Southern Kingdom the House of Judah in Judea.
Because the House of Israel (the ten tribes) continued practising evil ways God allowed the Assyrians to carry them away, and they were never heard from again, although there may be records showing what happened to them, 2 Kings 15:29, Jeremiah 5:15-16, Ezekiel 23:23-49.
Eventually, the House of Judah practicing evil ways was carried away by the Babylonians where it remained for 70 years, 2 Kings 24 2 Chronicles, 36.
After conquering the Babylonian Empire, in 539 B.C. Cyrus, king of Persia a year later granted the Jews the ability to return to their homeland. It grew and once again became known biblically as Israel.
The conquests of Alexander the Great in 331 ended the 200 years of Persian rule. The conquest of Alexander’s world of his time brought about habitants speaking Greek and Because Greek became the dominant language the Jews became familiar with Greek only, hence that is what they spoke and read.
Starting around 285 BC the Jews started using the Septuagint a Greek translation of the old testament. It was based on Hebrew manuscripts that are now lost.
They used this collection of books for hundreds of years consisting of all thirty-nine of the Old Testament books. This last independent kingdom came to an end in 63 BCE with its conquest by Rome.
In AD 70 the Romans destroyed the Jewish temple after much trouble from the conquered Israelites. The wall of one side of the temple remains, it’s very tall and long, it’s called the wailing wall. The wailing wall is all that remains of the great temple. the outside was all huge stone, while the inside was wood. the temple caught on fire while the Jews and Romans battled.
There was a lot of gold in the temple, and as the fire raged the gold melted and flowed. This is believed what happened to the stones. The gold flowed into the mortar that held the stones together, when the stones had cooled down the Romans took them apart to recover the gold in the mortar. What happened to the stone is not known, probably used in other constructions.
Also, the records were destroyed and lost in the fire. Because Jews today have no written records they don’t know if they’re really a Jew or not, proving they’re from that Jewish Dispensation 2000 years ago.
While in Babylon for 70 years the Jews had no temple, so they came up with Synagogues and Rabbis.
Synagogues and Rabbis are not part of the law given by God to the Jews and their worship, it was an add-on by the Jews, While in Babylon.